Prilog istoriji detinjstva: deca u odabranim srpskim srednjovekovnim narativnim izvorima i pravnim spomenicima (XIII–XV vek)

Petrović, Vladeta (2022) Prilog istoriji detinjstva: deca u odabranim srpskim srednjovekovnim narativnim izvorima i pravnim spomenicima (XIII–XV vek). In: Antropologija sporta, igara i detinjstva: zbornik u čast dr Aleksandra Krela (1968–2021). Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet, pp. 71-85. ISBN 978-86-6427-241-4

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Abstract

The ancient tradition about the seven ages of man was also transmitted to the Serbian medieval environment. A general division into old and middle-aged and young men and women, and children is also mentioned. Different words are used in legal sources for the period from birth to age fourteen for boys and age twelve for girls. We cannot talk about the uniform use of one word for the period we took for research. The terms used for children and young people in most other sources are not used consistently. It can only be pointed out that the term “mladenac” is used for an unborn child, as well as a child up to the age of four. The word “deca” is most often used for children. Less often is used term “čeda”. When the gender of children is clearly separated, the words “otrok” and “devica” are used. The word “otrokovica” is also used for girls, albeit rarely. Data on parents' attitude towards the birth and baptism of children are scarce. We only have access to descriptions of the rulers' lives with a number of well-known toposes. The birth of a child in a ruling family was not only a significant family event, but also an event that had consequences for the entire state community. After the earliest period of childhood, the child in the Middle Ages took on early roles, which today are characteristic of the world of adults. Entry into the world of adults took place gradually. From the age of ten or eleven, boys could enter monasteries. Girls from the age of 12 and boys from the age of 14 acquired the right to marry and make a will. From that age the children were supposed to confess their sins to clergy. In case of the death of the father, guardians were assigned to minors. The closest relative was appointed as a tutor. The growing up and proper development of the child is also represented, albeit briefly in biographical literature. The paper gives examples related to love for a born child, concern for proper upbringing, as well as grief and pain for a lost child

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