Rural Economy in the Wallachian Villages of the Mountainous Banat during the 1770s

Ilić Mandić, Jelena (2926) Rural Economy in the Wallachian Villages of the Mountainous Banat during the 1770s. ,,Economie rurală şi drept curumiar. Focus: Românii/vlahii din Centrul şi Sud-Estul Europei", Yearbook of ,,George Bariţiu" Institute of History in Cluj-Napoca, LXV (Series Historica, Supliment Nr. 1). pp. 417-456. ISSN 1584-4390

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Abstract

Thanks to the efforts of cameral and military authorities to define and separate their respective areas of interest in south-eastern Banat, censuses of Wallachian villages were conducted in the early 1770s. The focus is on the territory incorporated into the Military Frontier, replacing the civilian organization of the Orșova and Caransebeș districts, which encompassed 66 villages along the frontier with the neighboring Principality of Wallachia. In addition to recording houses and inhabitants capable of military service, the censuses of 1772 and 1774 primarily documented household property, including land and livestock. The results indicate that these villages were largely oriented toward animal husbandry, with land ownership generally limited to small plots, maize production, and orchards. Nevertheless, the data mainly reflect ownership and production conditions inherited from the civilian period, particularly with respect to environmental constraints and traditional production practices

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